Various reed pipes found in most modern pipe organs.
(Going from left to right)
The first pipe is an Oboe or Hautbois pipe, Its resonator starts out conical but it bells near the top where the top of the resonator is capped producing a muted sound that is ideal for solo repertoire, but also accompanying diapasons minus mixtures.
The second pipe is an English Horn or Cor Anglais pipe, Cor Anglais pipes are mostly used as a solo voice, its resonator is like the oboe only instead of forming a bell shape it forms a bulb shape.
The third pipe is a Trumpet Pipe (also spelled Trompette, Trompete, or Trompet) Like the oboe the trumpet is a great example of a solo stop; however the trumpet is also ideally suited for boosting already existing diapason plenums (Choruses) with mixture. The trumpet's resonator is a simple conical resonator with no additional modifications.
The fourth pipe is a French Horn pipe: Typically producing a very muffled sound very similar to its orchestral namesake, the french horn is ideal for solo repertoire. The French Horn's resonator is very similar to the resonator of a trumpet only it has either a flat or domed cap with a slit just below the cap.
The fifth pipe is another member of the trumpet subfamily. Depending on how this particular pipe is mounted into the windchest, determines this particular pipe's name. If the pipe were mounted in a traditional vertical fashion, this pipe would be called a Trompette Millitare (Military Trumpet). The Trompette Millitare is typically on a higher air pressure than most pipes to produce a very bright and triumphant sound. Saint Paul's Cathedral in London and Liverpool Anglican Cathedrals both have Trompette Millitares. If by reason this pipe is mounted horizontally this pipe is known as a "Trompette-en-Chamade" which like the Millitare has a bright and triumphant sound and is typically played as a solo stop ideal for adding emphasis to a triumphant hymn or to be used in fanfare. Unlike the other five pipes which are made of a tin-lead alloy. Trompette Millitares are made of brass, En Chamades can be Brass, Copper (Polished or Flamed) or the native tin-lead alloy with a higher ratio of tin.
The sixth and final pipe is a Clarinet pipe which is often used as a solo stop, in some organs this stop is also named as a "Corno Di Basseto." The resonator of a Clarinet is often debated between the resonator profile of a Vox Humana which is only conical near the bottom and for the most part straight (in a Vox the top is capped; however in a clarinet it is open) or basically the same bell profile of an oboe only open resonator top.
(Resize if needed)
Enjoy !!
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